What type of loads does tension refer to in an airframe?

Tension in the context of an airframe refers specifically to loads that are pulling apart components of the structure. When a material or structural element experiences tension, it is subjected to forces that attempt to elongate or stretch it. This is crucial in airframe design, where various structural members, such as cables, rods, and beams, may undergo tension due to aerodynamic forces, operational loads, and various flight conditions.

Understanding that tension denotes a pulling force helps clarify its role in maintaining structural integrity. For instance, wing spars or control surfaces can experience tension due to aerodynamic forces acting on them during flight. The material must be capable of withstanding these tensile forces to avoid failure or deformation that could compromise the airframe’s performance and safety.